fix: maintain valid state through the algorithm

[john-halloran]

Previously the loose usage of "self.components_" was causing candidate components to be mixed with stored ones during a component update. This fix better matches MATLAB behavior and improves recovery, especially with a broader range of datasets that I previously hadn't tested with.

[codecov]

Codecov Report

✅ All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests.
✅ Project coverage is 82.00%. Comparing base (d7586bc) to head (dfe0ce9).
⚠️ Report is 14 commits behind head on main.

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##             main     #210      +/-   ##
==========================================
+ Coverage   77.50%   82.00%   +4.50%     
==========================================
  Files           3        3              
  Lines          40       50      +10     
==========================================
+ Hits           31       41      +10     
  Misses          9        9              

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[sbillinge]

This probably could use a test for the thing that broke that allowed you to find it in the first place, if you can engineer that. It would be a test that failed with the old code but passes with your current code fix.