FE-1518: Optimization constraints as shared HIR expressions

[kube]

Stacked on #9368 (FE-1517). First cut of the constraints system (FE-1518).

Two blocks in the create-optimization drawer (only there, for now):

• Parameter constraints — boolean TypeScript expressions over the study's parameters (scenario.*, parameters.*), e.g. scenario.min_load < scenario.max_load.
• State constraints — metric-like bodies over the simulation state returning boolean, e.g. return state.places.Queue.count <= 10;.

Mechanics:

• lowerOptimizationConstraint (core, worker/Node only) lowers on the existing scenario-expression / metric surfaces and type-checks a boolean result (the metric surface gained an expected: "real" | "boolean" knob).
• The manifest gains an optional constraints: { parameterSpace, stateSpace }, each item { id, name?, code, hir } — the authored source plus its serialized HIR (serializedHirFunctionSchema validates the envelope; the TypeScript grammar in hir/hir.ts stays the authority). Old manifests parse unchanged.
• The CLI describe() passes constraints through verbatim; the protocol JSON schema and the generated pydantic models are regenerated.
• Python: petrinaut.Constraint wraps one constraint as a plain callable — constraint(scenario={...}) → bool — plus constraint.margin(...), a signed robustness margin (comparisons → slack, && = min, || = max, ! = negate; ≥ 0 iff satisfied) ready to feed samplers that consume violations (e.g. Optuna's constraints_func takes -margin). Behind both sits a small dependency-free HIR evaluator (petrinaut/hir.py) with ECMAScript semantics (strict equality, Math.round half-up, JS division/remainder), tested against fixtures lowered by the real TypeScript frontend.
• Deliberately not included: enforcement, pruning, Optuna changes, or sympy conversion. An interpreter beats sympy here — it covers conditionals and Math.* without Piecewise contortions, and the same walk re-run with interval arithmetic later can bound a constraint over a whole parameter box (safe-region margins); that door is documented in hir.py.

Nothing enforces constraints yet — they are recorded, displayed, and readable; a failing one only blocks drawer submission with its diagnostic.

🤖 Generated with Claude Code

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